Vocabulary

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Qiān Sima Qian (145-86 BC), Han Dynasty historian, author of Records of the Grand Historian, known as the father of Chinese historiography Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
běi Outer Mongolia (lit. north of the Gobi Desert) Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
shèng holy land (of a religion); sacred place; shrine; holy city (such as Jerusalem, Mecca etc); center of historic interest Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
sūn guó Wusun kingdom of central Asia (c. 300 BC-300 AD) Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
Lán zhōu Shì Lanzhou, prefecture-level city and capital of Gansu Province Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
Lán zhōu Lanzhou, prefecture-level city and capital of Gansu Province Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
mén Guān Yumen Pass, or Jade Gate, western frontier post on the Silk Road in the Han Dynasty, west of Dunhuang, in Gansu Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
Jīn chāng Jinchang, prefecture-level city in Gansu Province Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
ěr Gāo yuán the Pamirs, highland region of Central Asia Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
Sài běi (old) territories north of the Great Wall Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
Chūn qiū Zhàn guó Shí dài the Spring and Autumn (770-476 BC) and Warring States (475-221 BC) periods; Eastern Zhou (770-221 BC) Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
Qín Shǐ huáng Qin Shihuang (259-210 BC), the first emperor Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
Qín jūn the Qin army (model for the terracotta warriors) Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
Liáo dōng Liaodong peninsula between Bohai 渤海 and Yellow sea; east and south of Liaoning province; east of Liao river 遼河|辽河 Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
Yǒng dēng Yongdeng county in Lanzhou, Gansu Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
mén Yumen, county-level city in Jiuquan 酒泉, Gansu Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
Luó Lop Nor, former salt lake in Xinjiang, now a salt-encrusted lake bed Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
huò fēn Ferdinand von Richthofen (1833-1905), German geologist and explorer who published a major foundational study of the geology of China in 1887 and first introduced the term Silk Road 絲綢之路|丝绸之路 Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
ōu Eurasian continent Proper Noun ∼HSK 4
méi xiǎng dào didn't expect HSK 4
Huò quickly, suddenly; surname ∼HSK 4
gōng yuán qián BCE (before the Common Era); BC (before Christ) ∼HSK 4
bīng cavalry ∼HSK 4
Wèi kingdom of Wei; surname ∼HSK 4
wēi pomp, power; powerful; dominate ∼HSK 4
crow, rook, raven; black, dark ∼HSK 4
Qín surname Qin; Qin dynasty (221-207 BC) of the first emperor; short name for ∼HSK 4
xiōng elder brother ∼HSK 4
hòu fāng the rear; far behind the front line ∼HSK 4
marsh, swamp; grace, brilliance ∼HSK 4
mài blood vessels, veins, arteries ∼HSK 4
shòu xiáng to accept surrender ∼HSK 4
bīng art of war; military strategy and tactics ∼HSK 4
Xiāng mutually ∼HSK 4
háo wèn certainty; without a doubt ∼HSK 4
jūn warhorse; cavalry horse; troops ∼HSK 4
bīng military strength; armed forces; troops ∼HSK 4
strike, hit, beat; attack, fight ∼HSK 4
hán cold, wintry, chilly ∼HSK 4
hurried; at a great speed; rapid (development) ∼HSK 4
large, great, enormous; chief ∼HSK 4
variant of ∼HSK 4
zhàn hòu after the war; postwar ∼HSK 4
zhǎng kòng to control; in control of ∼HSK 4
Ān Parthia (ancient country in central Asia) ∼HSK 4
meaning, intent ∼HSK 4
chán ruò delicate; frail; impotent; weak ∼HSK 4
shèng bài victory or defeat; result ∼HSK 4
lín rainforest ∼HSK 4
jié chéng to form; to forge (alliances etc) ∼HSK 4