Vocabulary
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| 自 自 | self; oneself; from; since; naturally; surely | |
| 曾 曾 | once; already; ever (in the past); former; previously; (past tense marker used before verb or clause) | |
| 处 處 | place; location; spot; point; office; department; bureau; respect; classifier for locations or items of damage: spot, point | |
| 对于 對於 | regarding; as far as (sth) is concerned; with regard to | |
| 之间 之間 | (after a noun) between; among; amid; (used after certain bisyllabic words to form expressions indicating a short period of time, e.g. 弹指之间) | |
| 之后 之後 | after; behind; (at the beginning of a sentence) afterwards; since then | |
| 却 卻 | but; yet; however; while; to go back; to decline; to retreat; nevertheless; even though | |
| 而 而 | and; as well as; and so; but (not); yet (not); (indicates causal relation); (indicates change of state); (indicates contrast) | |
| 万里长城 萬里長城 | the Great Wall | Idiom |
| 年复一年 年復一年 | (idiom) over the years; year after year | Idiom |
| 整 整 | exactly; in good order; whole; complete; entire; in order; orderly; to repair; to mend; to renovate; (coll.) to fix sb; to give sb a hard time; to mess with sb | Colloquialism |
| 甘肃 甘肅 | Gansu Province, capital Lanzhou | Proper Noun |
| 阳关 陽關 | Yangguan or Southern Pass on the south Silk Road in Gansu, 70 km south of Dunhuang 敦煌 | Proper Noun |
| 古城 古城 | ancient city | Proper Noun |
| 山阳 山陽 | Shanyang District of Jiaozuo City, Henan; Shanyang County in Shangluo, Shaanxi | Proper Noun |
| 西北部 西北部 | northwest part | Proper Noun |
| 白银 白銀 | Baiyin, prefecture-level city in Gansu Province | Proper Noun |
| 大桥 大橋 | Da Qiao, one of the Two Qiaos, according to Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the two great beauties of ancient China | Proper Noun |
| 约瑟夫 約瑟夫 | Joseph (name) | Proper Noun |
| 汉代 漢代 | the Han dynasty (206 BC-220 AD) | Proper Noun |
| 沙 沙 | sand, gravel, pebbles; granulated | |
| 石 石 | stone, rock, mineral; rad. 112 | |
| 湾 灣 | bay, cove, inlet, bend of stream | |
| 阳 陽 | positive (electric.); sun; male principle (Taoism); Yang, opposite: | |
| 麦 麥 | wheat, barley, oats; simplified form of KangXi radical number 199 | |
| 马蹄 馬蹄 | horse's hoof; horseshoe; Chinese water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis or E. congesta) | |
| 牦牛 氂牛 | yak (Bos grunniens) | |
| 洛 洛 | river in Shanxi province; city | |
| 之上 之上 | above | |
| 遨游 遨遊 | to travel; to go on a tour; to roam | |
| 另一 另一 | another; the other | |
| 黄土 黃土 | loess (yellow sandy soil typical of north China) | |
| 舰队 艦隊 | fleet | |
| 穿越时空 穿越時空 | to travel through time | |
| 远古 遠古 | antiquity; ancient times | |
| 皮筏 皮筏 | leather float; inflatable raft | |
| 刀口 刀口 | the edge of a knife; cut; incision | |
| 较大 較大 | comparatively large | |
| 土层 土層 | layer of soil; ground level | |
| 水土 水土 | water and soil; surface water; natural environment (extended meaning); climate | |
| 择 擇 | select, choose, pick out | |
| 修整 修整 | to spruce up; to renovate; to tend (a garden); to groom (one's hair); to finish (a rough surface); to trim (a lawn); to touch up (a photo) | |
| 强风 強風 | strong breeze (meteorology) | |
| 境 境 | boundary, frontier; area, region | |
| 强健 強健 | sturdy | |
| 合家欢 合家歡 | group photo of whole family | |
| 鸟类 鳥類 | birds | |
| 敌 敵 | enemy, foe, rival; resist | |
| 游历 遊歷 | to tour; to travel | |
| 相邻 相鄰 | neighbor; adjacent |